Development Partners International LLP (“DPI”) is a leading private equity firm focused on investing for high returns and delivering impact/ESG, believing that each support the success of the other. As an investment strategy, DPI’s three ADP funds invest in companies that provide goods and services to Africa’s rapidly expanding middle classes. DPI was founded on the belief that sustainability delivers impact, and therefore it seeks to generate strong financial returns for investors by creating competitive companies, while also focusing on the benefits these companies deliver for societies and the environment.
DPI believes that top returns and true impact are possible and invests with this lens. While DPI’s impact and ESG work is led by three senior professionals, the broader DPI team is trained on impact and ESG work and the combination of returns and impact/ESG has been part of DPI’s “DNA” since inception.
While DPI invests commercially, and always strives to deliver a strong equity return for the funds’ investors, it has, since inception, been equally committed to driving and reporting developmental impact and ESG value add matters. DPI has sought to identify and actively drive ESG-related value add interventions to enhance Portfolio Company performance, as well as to leverage and maximise the developmental impact created by the products and services of Portfolio Companies the funds invested into. This is based on its belief that taking an intentional and direct engagement approach to driving value add and impact supports it in accessing capital, enhancing its reputation, driving value for stakeholders and, ultimately, improving financial returns.
The recently developed integrated Impact and ESG management system (DPIMS) was adopted in January 2020 for DPI’s third fund, ADP III (the “Fund”), and provides an innovative and practical ESG and Impact Management Framework for effective incorporation and management across DPI’s investment processes and decision-making, as well as in the day-to-day business activities of the firm. It guides how DPI shall drive the on-going ESG and Impact performance of the Fund’s investment portfolio, as a whole and at individual Portfolio Companies. The management system was designed to meet the Operating Principles for Impact Management and defines the internal ESG and Impact Core Commitments, Requirements and Standards that the Fund has established and that its Portfolio Companies are expected to adhere to. Following the independent verification conducted in July and August 2021 by BlueMark, DPI has updated the DPIMS to close the gaps identified in this process and better align with the Impact Principles.
DPI (the “Signatory”) hereby affirms its status as a Signatory to the Operating Principles for Impact Management (the “Impact Principles”).
This Disclosure Statement serves to fill DPI’s obligations pursuant to Principle 9 of the Impact Principles and confirms alignment of African Development Partners III (the “Covered Assets”) with the nine principles commencing 20 September 2021 and in the 12 months which comprise this reporting period. The total assets under management in alignment with the Impact Principles is US$ 879.5 m as of publication of this disclosure statement (24 September 2022).
The Manager shall define strategic impact objectives for the portfolio or fund to achieve positive and measurable social or environmental effects, which are aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), or other widely accepted goals. The impact intent does not need to be shared by the investee. The Manager shall seek to ensure that the impact objectives and investment strategy are consistent; that there is a credible basis for achieving the impact objectives through the investment strategy; and that the scale and/or intensity of the intended portfolio impact is proportionate to the size of the investment portfolio.
DPI established its Impact Agenda and designed a new combined Impact and ESG management system (DPIMS) to ensure integration of impact into the investment process. The specific elements of DPI’s Impact Agenda are outlined below, including key focus areas, goals and objectives and guiding principles and standards.
DPI has selected three main focus areas for its impact agenda which in turn are linked to the relevant Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):
The selection of these focus areas is based on their alignment with the following criteria:
It is recognised that individual investments within specific sectors or geographies may present unique opportunities to drive value for the company and/or for external stakeholders. For this reason, the system allows for the identification of focus areas aside from those outlined above in cases where potential impact is significant.
It should also be noted that the industries that DPI invests in are impactful industries, and include the pharmaceutical, education, micro-finance, insurance, banking and food processing industries.
This investment strategy includes clear impact objectives at Fund level and investee level. These are present in the DPIMS, aligning with the SDGs with a focus on climate change mitigation and adaptation, gender equality, job growth and job quality and additional impact areas such as financial inclusion, healthcare and sustainable agriculture.
DPI uses a Theory of Change model for the Fund to establish the link between DPI inputs to expected outputs, outcomes, impact and contribution to SDG targets. Each potential investment opportunity is assessed against the model to determine its contribution to the SDGs and Fund impact objectives. The model is also used to determine quantitative key performance indicators to measure impact performance.
DPI’s Impact and ESG team use academic studies and industry guidance to build an evidence base around best practices to drive impact across different sectors, and how to best manage and report on impact performance.
The Manager shall have a process to manage impact achievement on a portfolio basis. The objective of the process is to establish and monitor impact performance for the whole portfolio, while recognizing that impact may vary across individual investments in the portfolio. As part of the process, the Manager shall consider aligning staff incentive systems with the achievement of impact, as well as with financial performance.
DPI’s Impact and ESG monitoring process seeks to ensure Portfolio Companies on-going compliance with applicable standards, internal ESG requirements (as contained in the investment documentation) and the implementation of the impact agenda which are documented within the Action Plan for each investment. The impact and ESG process is integrated in the entire investment process, from inception where a screening tool is used to identify value add impact opportunities for each investment, to the due diligence phase where an Impact Assessment Report is produced based on the IMP’s five dimensions of impact. Impact management and scoring tools are then used to prioritize impact opportunities for each investment and help in the decision-making of the investment team. All investment and value add professionals receive on-going training in these areas. DPI’s Sustainability Managers work on a continuous basis with the Investment and Value-Add teams to source, due diligence, invest and create value in each company.
Incorporating indicators and targets which speak to value add and impact into the data collection process for each Portfolio Company will ensure that DPI can monitor the impact performance and, over time, and will be in a position to assess the impact that the Fund’s investment and strategic value add and impact interventions have had on each Portfolio Company and its respective stakeholders and at the Fund portfolio level.
An Impact Scoring Tool is used to provide a quantitative value which reflects the investee’s impact performance at the time of investment, and a predicted score for the investee to achieve at the end of the holding period. This is used to set targets and appropriate indicators for each impact opportunity. On-going monitoring of progress against the score is carried out by the ESG and Impact team. Impact and value-add reporting will be carried out in line with broader fund reporting. Impact and value-add indicators will be selected by the investment team at the point of selecting specific value add and impact interventions and incorporated into the monitoring plan for the Investee Company in question. The Investment Committee will validate the proposed impact targets to be achieved during the holding period and indicators to be monitored and these will be included in the investment documentation.
Performance against these indicators, predicted scores and targets are reported internally throughout the year, usually during portfolio monitoring committee meetings, and externally in line with investor requirements and through the DPI Annual Impact Report. Monitoring in relation to value add and impact interventions will be supplemented by surveys submitted to Investee Companies for completion at strategic intervals, as well as deep-dive impact assessments at exit, and at other junctures at which these are seen to be valuable.
An annual Impact and ESG report will be developed using the information gathered during on-going monitoring and reporting activities. The report will include the review of each portfolio company progress against its ESG and Impact Action Plan as well as the progress of the fund against its Impact objectives.
The Fund will continually assess the most effective way to measure this, including looking at other tools which have emerged in the market, ensuring that best-practice models are incorporated into the Fund’s measurement approach. Currently, the measurement approach taken for value add and impact is integrated into the broader ESG measurement and data management process. DPI has picked third party and generally accepted measurement tools for each of its three main areas of impact so that the funds can be compared to other market entities, and to be held accountable on market leading measurement standards.
All investment professionals, portfolio managers and members of the Impact and ESG team have annual Impact and ESG objectives, which are part of their mid-year and their annual appraisal process which informs bonus allocations.
The Manager shall seek to establish and document a credible narrative on its contribution to the achievement of impact for each investment. Contributions can be made through one or more financial and/or non-financial channels. The narrative should be stated in clear terms and supported, as much as possible, by evidence.
DPI has established its contribution to the achievement of impact for investees through financial and non-financial measures. The contribution is articulated through investees’ theory of change, showing DPI’s additionally in terms of inputs and opportunities for value creation that will lead to targeted outputs, outcomes and impact.
The theory of change model is applied firstly at Fund level to establish contribution pathways for DPI to drive impact across the themes of gender, climate change and job quality across its portfolio. DPI can create positive change across these areas due to the geographic focus and markets of its investments. The model is then applied to each investment to identify activities that will contribute to outcomes across the Fund’s priority areas, and any additional impact areas that are specific to the company’s business. A baseline contribution strategy and an impact score for the company are established pre-investment, and a predicted impact score is provided for the end of the investment holding period, which is also used to determine impact targets for the company.
DPI’s three impact themes mentioned above, climate change, gender and job creation and enhancements will be measured through proven measurement systems developed by organizations leading efforts in these areas. DPI carries out due diligence on impact and ESG alongside other due diligence streams and includes impact goals into shareholder agreements and/or sets internal goals at the time of investment.
The management of value-add and impact considerations begins at screening stage and continues throughout the course of the investment life cycle. The process entails the identification of the intended outcomes arising from specific interventions or the everyday operations of Portfolio Companies, establishing DPI’s contribution to these, and considering any negative impacts that may arise, with a view to mitigating these.
The identification, management and measurement of impact opportunities is conducted on an investment-by-investment basis, and dependent on a number of factors, including:
DPI’s due diligence process establishes the current baseline for the business, which allows the achieved impacts to be documented throughout the life of the investment. Contributions to impact are referred to as interventions to achieve impact in the DPIMS. These are non-financial contributions to maximise impact throughout the investment period through active engagement to achieve impact outcomes. DPI’s ESG and Impact team identify specific impact interventions which have the highest probability of driving impact and discuss these with the management team of portfolio companies as part of the due diligence process. The impact due diligence assessment report captures the investee’s contribution plan through a series of action items and targets, and the impact performance of the investee is monitored and reported through specific KPIs. The baseline for the selected KPIs is established as early as possible in the investment period, including in the pre-investment process when feasible. In order to further align with the principle, DPI’s Impact and ESG team will conduct research through publicly available third-party sources and industry research to understand if there are any additional elements which may be driving impact outcomes for the investments.
These aspects are properly assessed at the screening and due diligence stages of the investment process and presented to the Investment Committee to inform sound decision making and planning post investment.
For each investment the Manager shall assess, in advance and, where possible, quantify the concrete, positive impact potential deriving from the investment. The assessment should use a suitable results measurement framework that aims to answer these fundamental questions: (1) What is the intended impact? (2) Who experiences the intended impact? (3) How significant is the intended impact? The Manager shall also seek to assess the likelihood of achieving the investment’s expected impact. In assessing the likelihood, the Manager shall identify the significant risk factors that could result in the impact varying from ex-ante expectations.
In assessing the impact potential, the Manager shall seek evidence to assess the relative size of the challenge addressed within the targeted geographical context. The Manager shall also consider opportunities to increase the impact of the investment. Where possible and relevant for the Manager’s strategic intent, the Manager may also consider indirect and systemic impacts. Indicators shall, to the extent possible, be aligned with industry standards and follow best practice.
The DPIMS, which was built with the input of key investors working in this area, provides a complete system to quantify the concrete framework that aims to answer the question raised above. The methodologies incorporate the IMP’s five dimensions of impact, standardized metrics (IRIS+ and DPI proprietary indicators) and contribution to SDG targets. The steps in the DPIMS are summarised below:
The screening stage of DPI’s investment process informs the decision to proceed with detailed due diligence to ensure that the Fund allocates the correct resources to the assessment of ESG risks and impact opportunities for a prospective investment.
This includes identifying high level risks and impact opportunities associated with the prospective investment and what level of assessment is required in subsequent stages. All relevant impact information from screening is incorporated into the Initial Investment Committee (IIC) ESG and Impact Summary.
The theory of change model is used to guide the Fund’s approach to generating and attributing impact. It is applied as part of the screening process to determine if potential investments fit within DPI’s impact strategy and contribute towards DPI’s impact objectives. It also provides impact pathways, through outputs and outcomes, to increase the investee’s contribution towards the SDGs. The theory of change therefore informs the decision-making process and whether an investment should proceed to the due diligence stage.
Impact focused due diligence findings allow the firm to establish the impact potential of the investment, the baseline of status for each impact theme (Gender, Job Quality, Climate Change) and any sector or geographical impact opportunities. ESG and Impact performance is assessed in relation to international best practice standards as defined by the IMP and IRIS+. The ESG and Impact team build the impact case through the impact due diligence report, as it defines impact objectives for the potential investment and evaluates the impact performance across the IMP’s five dimensions. The due diligence assessment also serves to establish the impact baseline of the potential investment through research of publicly available data and data collected directly from the target. A quantitative scoring system based on the IMP’s five dimensions is used to provide an objective lens on the extent which the company integrates impact into their strategy and how they report against each category. The baseline and expected impact are assessed on a 0-3 scale for each dimension, including assessing the relative size of challenge addressed and opportunities to mitigate risks.
The WHO: Based on DPI’s investment strategy, its reference framework and the results from the due diligence, specifics stakeholders that will experience the intended impacts are identified and listed in the impact documentation.
The HOW MUCH: Results from the ESG and Impact due diligence are used to estimate the potential extent of the impact, targets and KPIs. These are based on the UN SDG indicators or similarly accepted industry standards. At this stage, the following elements are considered:
This impact due diligence exercise seeks to answer the fundamental questions:
(1) What is the intended impact?
(2) Who experiences the intended impact?
(3) How significant is the intended impact?
An Investment Proposal is then prepared by the investment team. The Investment Proposal includes due diligence findings and recommendations detailing ESG and Impact findings context and detailed actions plans. The results of the ESG value add and impact assessment process will also be summarised and captured in the Final Investment Committee (IC) ESG and Impact Summary.
For each potential investment, expected impacts are identified and quantified from origination to closing. A separate impact scoring tool is used to evaluate the company’s commitments, policies, processes and practices around impact, specifically on climate change, gender and job quality. A score is provided at the time of investment, and a predicted score is assigned and used as a target for the company to achieve by the end of the investment holding period. Both scores are included in the IC ESG and Impact Summary and monitored and reported against annually at the minimum. Investment professionals, portfolio management and Impact and ESG teams are all involved in the process using the different steps of the investment process.
Impacts, targets and KPIs are discussed/negotiated with the company management ahead of each deal closing. The discussion with management allows for the intent to be clearly communicated as well as to permit for geographic /regional considerations to be included. Where the nature of the deal allows it, the Portfolio Manager and Deal Team will facilitate the detailed strategy workshop with management of the company in which the ESG and Impact Action Plan will be reviewed, discussed and aligned.
The summary of the Impact report, impact score and Impact and ESG Action Plans and the Portfolio Management Plan are then integrated in the final IC documentation and a dashboard created to monitor advancement of the KPIs.
For each investment the Manager shall seek, as part of a systematic and documented process, to identify and avoid, and if avoidance is not possible, mitigate and manage Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) risks. Where appropriate, the Manager shall engage with the investee to seek its commitment to take action to address potential gaps in current investee systems, processes, and standards, using an approach aligned with good international industry practice. As part of portfolio management, the Manager shall monitor investees’ ESG risk and performance, and where appropriate, engage with the investee to address gaps and unexpected events.
DPI believes that one cannot deliver impact without proper mitigation of ESG risk. The principle of “do not harm” is imbedded in ESG work. DPI has worked on ESG to a high standard since inception and as mentioned above the DPI team is continuously trained and works together under the guidance of DPI’s Sustainability Manager to achieve this outcome.
DPI has developed a formalised and fully integrated ESG and Impact management system ,which includes procedures to assess the level of ESG risk posed by each prospective Portfolio Company and its compliance with prescribed ESG Requirements prior to investment, as well as procedures to monitor, manage and report on ESG performance and compliance post investment. The system has been developed in accordance with internationally and nationally accepted ESG principles, standards and guidelines, referred to as the “Reference Framework”. The Reference Framework is made up of the following standards:
The Fund shall not invest into any portfolio company that, in its reasonable opinion, cannot be expected to meet the minimum ESG requirements set out in the above standards over the life of the investment.
All Portfolio Companies include legal language that the company will comply with all ESG Requirements including a corrective ESG action plan with specified timelines.
The Fund Sustainability Manager or ESG Officer makes annual site visits to Portfolio Companies to review their ESG performance. Over and above possible specific issues of concern, the purpose of the site visit is to assess strengths and weaknesses and develop recommendations for improving ESG performance, focusing on adherence to key ESG commitments and set focus areas. Progress on existing ESG and impact related interventions should also be assessed.
Where new risks or issues are identified, new Impact and ESG Action Plans may be developed.
The Manager shall use the results framework (referenced in Principle 4) to monitor progress toward the achievement of positive impacts in comparison to the expected impact for each investment. Progress shall be monitored using a predefined process for sharing performance data with the investee. To the best extent possible, this shall outline how often data will be collected; the method for data collection; data sources; responsibilities for data collection; and how, and to whom, data will be reported. When monitoring indicates that the investment is no longer expected to achieve its intended impacts, the Manager shall seek to pursue appropriate action. The Manager shall also seek to use the results framework to capture investment outcomes.
Based on the results of the impact focused due diligence, the impact plan for each investment is developed and forms the baseline from which the progress against the expected impact outcomes.
The level of monitoring and management is to be determined on an individual Portfolio Company basis, based on the outcomes of the pre-investment Screening and Due Diligence processes. DPI has a Portfolio Monitoring Committee (the “PMC”) which monitors the Portfolio Companies’ performance against the original Investment Proposals’ business plans and projections, the Portfolio Company Management Plans and the ESG, Impact and Corporate Governance Action Plans. The PMC seeks to provide perspective and independent monitoring of the portfolio.
The scores provided through the IMP’s five dimensions scoring system and the Impact Scoring Tool provide a view of the impact achieved to date vs. expected impact at the time of investment. This allows the ESG and Impact team to evaluate progress against impact targets and the resulting impact outcomes, including cases of negative impacts or underperformance. This allows for DPI to exert influence to improve their impact, referring to the initial impact thesis. Impact data collected from Portfolio Companies on a regular basis will be collated into an operational Impact and ESG reports highlighting ESG performance of that investment. This information will be shared with investment and portfolio management teams, DPI Partners and committees as relevant and act as a check for how impact performance compares to the baseline established during due diligence.
The operational Impact and ESG report is viewed as an internal document that will be used to alert the Fund and DPI to key issues across the Fund’s investment portfolio that may require attention or further interrogation; as well as those areas where positive impact or outcomes are being achieved – which could also warrant further resources or focus.
The Fund will generate an annual Impact and ESG report. This document will be developed and shared with relevant external stakeholders and investors highlighting ESG performance across the Fund and underlying Portfolio Companies. This document is viewed as an external document for investors and other stakeholders to showcase the work that has been done on Impact and ESG related aspects; as well as how the Fund is performing from an ESG perspective. Relevant value add and impact data will be included in this report.
For each investment, a portfolio dashboard is developed during the investment process before closing. This dashboard includes Financial, Human Resources and Environmental & Social as well as investment specific information (production for an industrial company or number of loans for a bank) that are collected on a monthly, quarterly or annual basis by the portfolio management team.
The data is included in the Impact dashboard and used to monitor the progress against the KPIs established before closing the transaction.
The investment team meets periodically to discuss progress against the Impact & ESG Action Plan and appropriate actions are established if changes to the targets and KPIs are agreed.
The portfolio company completes an Impact & ESG questionnaire once a year that is used to complete the Fund annual Impact & ESG report shared with the investors.
When conducting an exit, the Manager shall, in good faith and consistent with its fiduciary concerns, consider the effect which the timing, structure, and process of its exit will have on the sustainability of the impact.
DPI has exited companies where the imbedded impact and ESG work has not only continued but has become a part of the company culture. DPI has seen in its work over 14 years that in Africa, imbedded impact and ESG culture attracts more and stronger buyers and can create additional financial value. That said, the Impact and ESG Exit Assessment process has been established to enable the Fund to add or create value, prepare strategies for approaching any issues identified, and to reduce uncertainty and risk of delays to the completion of an exit transaction. It is important to consolidate the Impact and ESG work completed to date and any positive outcomes achieved to ensure that such information is appropriately packaged for bidders to review and to ensure that DPI is able to effectively communicate its efforts to existing and future stakeholders.
For each prospective investment, an exit assessment is and will continue to be carried out to assess overall ESG and Impact performance as well as to identify any issues of interest to a potential acquirer. Monitoring in relation to value add and impact interventions throughout the investment period will be supplemented by a deep-dive impact assessment. This will allow for sustainability gains to continue throughout the exit and increase the chances that they will remain and further increased beyond DPI’s exit.
The outcome of the assessment is expected to be a clearly written Impact and ESG Exit Assessment report, which will include DPI’s measurement of impact, an impact and form part of the overall exit package to potential bidders.
DPI has developed an Impact Exit Questionnaire as part of the screening for potential bidders. This has the purpose to understand ESG and impact commitments, strategy and vision of potential buyers and inform the likelihood of sustained impact post-exit.
The Manager shall review and document the impact performance of each investment, compare the expected and actual impact, and other positive and negative impacts, and use these findings to improve operational and strategic investment decisions, as well as management processes.
The Fund seeks to drive improved fund performance on Impact and ESG aspects through accurately monitoring and reporting on performance against set impact objectives.
The monitoring and reporting of ESG aspects derive value for the Fund, through enabling on-going management of ESG performance, continual improvement and facilitating ADP III’s ability to drive and support performance through results-based management. Periodic monitoring also allows the ESG and Impact team to evaluate progress against impact goals and improve the investee’s operational and management processes based on lessons learnt. Furthermore, this allows the Fund to disseminate Impact and ESG performance information to internal and external stakeholders, thereby meeting its fiduciary duty and marketing its efforts amongst such stakeholders.
Data collected from Portfolio Companies on a regular basis will be collated and shared with investment and portfolio management teams, DPI Partners and Committees as relevant and act as a check for how impact performance compares to the baseline established during due diligence, and where changes to the process need to be made and communicated to stakeholders.
The Fund will generate an annual Impact and ESG report. This document will be developed and shared with relevant external stakeholders and investors highlighting performance across the Fund and underlying Portfolio Companies. This document is viewed as an external document for investors and other stakeholders. Relevant impact data will be included in this report and DPI will seek to have these results verified by an external party before disclosure. The annual report will be used for discussions with the Portfolio Management team to analyse actions and cases which led to successful impact outcomes, as well as impact underperformance in relation to impact targets. This process will allow DPI to identify lessons learnt which can be used for future investments in similar sectors, and these will be included in the ESG and Impact Summary of IC memorandums.
The same process and information are used internally in investment discussions and DPI’s strategy discussions to disseminate knowledge and get feedback from all parts of the firm on how DPI can improve in achieving its impact goals.
The Manager shall publicly disclose, on an annual basis, the alignment of its impact management systems with the Principles and, at regular intervals, arrange for independent verification of this alignment. The conclusions of this verification report shall also be publicly disclosed. These disclosures are subject to fiduciary and regulatory concerns.
This statement is the third iteration of DPI’s alignment with the Impact Principles.
The verifier statement can be access at this address: https://www.dpi-llp.com/2021/09/24/opim-independent-verification-report/
The efficiency of DPIMS will be assessed annually by the DPI team, and this Disclosure Statement will continue to be updated to reflect any improvements and changes made to the system and be published annually in compliance with the Impact Principles.
The independent verification will be conducted every 2 years and the result of the verification published on the DPI website alongside the Disclosure Statement.